100 Easy Astronomy Questions (2)

[D] Sputnik 1 | Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, was the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth.

[A] National Aeronautics and Space Administration | NASA is the U.S. government agency responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research.

[A] Voyager 1 | Voyager 1, launched in 1977, is the first human-made object to reach interstellar space.

[C] China | China’s Chang'e 4 became the first spacecraft to successfully land on the far side of the Moon in 2019.

[D] Марс-3 | Mars-3 was a probe launched by the Soviet Union in 1971 as part of its Mars exploration program. It was launched at 15:26:20 UTC on 28 May aboard a Proton-K rocket, a D-class rocket, and successfully landed on Mars in December 1971.

[A] Valentina Tereshkova | Valentina Tereshkova, a Soviet cosmonaut, became the first woman in space on June 16, 1963.

[C] Yellow dwarf | The Sun is a yellow dwarf star, which is a medium-sized star in the main sequence of its lifecycle.

[C] Constellation | A constellation is a group of stars forming a recognizable pattern, often named after animals or mythological figures.

[B] Alpha Centauri | Alpha Centauri is the closest star system to Earth after the Sun, a triple-star system consisting of Alpha Centauri A, Alpha Centauri B, and Proxima Centauri, located about 4.37 light-years away.

[B] Nova | A nova is a star that suddenly becomes much brighter and then gradually returns to its original state.

[A] A neutron star or black hole | After a supernova, a massive star collapses into either a neutron star or a black hole, depending on its mass.

[D] Andromeda Galaxy | The Andromeda Galaxy is the nearest large galaxy to the Milky Way and is on a collision course with us in about 4.5 billion years.

[D] Hydrogen and helium | Stars are primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, with nuclear fusion in their cores converting hydrogen into helium.

[D] Sirius | Sirius, also known as the Dog Star, is the brightest star visible from Earth in the night sky.

[C] Mariner 9 | Mariner 9, launched by NASA in 1971, became the first spacecraft to enter orbit around Mars.

[B] Apollo 11 | Apollo 11 was the first mission to land humans on the Moon, including Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin.

[A] 1990 | The Hubble Space Telescope launched in 1990 and has since provided stunning images of distant galaxies and nebulae.

[C] Viking 1 | Viking 1 was the first NASA spacecraft to land on Mars, doing so in 1976.

[D] Voyager 1 | Voyager 1, launched in 1977, became the first human-made object to enter interstellar space.

[B] NASA | NASA launched the Perseverance rover on Mars in 2020 to search for signs of ancient life.

[B] A large explosion on the Sun’s surface | Solar flares are bursts of radiation and energy from the Sun's surface.

[D] A region where gravity is so strong that not even light can escape | Black holes are regions in space where gravity is intense enough to trap light.

[A] Supernova | A supernova is a massive explosion that occurs when a star reaches the end of its lifecycle.

[C] Charged particles from the Sun interacting with Earth's magnetic field | The Northern Lights, or Aurora Borealis, occur when charged solar particles collide with Earth's atmosphere.

[D] Gas and dust pushed by solar wind | A comet’s tail is made of gas and dust particles that are blown away by the solar wind.

[A] Event Horizon | The event horizon is the boundary surrounding a black hole beyond which no information or matter can escape.

[D] A small rock or debris entering Earth’s atmosphere | A meteor is a small object from space that burns up upon entering Earth’s atmosphere.

[B] A frozen ball of ice and dust that orbits the Sun | Comets are icy bodies that travel around the Sun in long, elliptical orbits.

[D] A system of stars and dust bound together by gravity | A galaxy is a vast collection of stars, dust, gas, and dark matter bound together by gravity.

[B] A star that suddenly increases in brightness | A supernova is a dramatic explosion that occurs when a star dies, becoming significantly brighter.